MODIFICATION OF ULTRASONIC NEBULIZER WITH AIR FLOW RATE CONTROL AND ANDROID-BASED THERAPY DURATION MONITORING

Abstract

An ultrasonic nebulizer is a medical device designed to convert liquid medication into a fine mist for inhalation therapy. Conventional nebulizers, however, often lack an automatic shut-off feature when the water chamber is empty or the therapy duration ends, which can cause discomfort and potential risks for patients. This study focuses on modifying the ultrasonic nebulizer by integrating an automatic shut-off mechanism and an Android-based monitoring system to enhance safety, comfort, and effectiveness during therapy. The modification employs an ESP32 microcontroller to detect water levels in the chamber and monitor therapy duration. When the water level reaches a minimum threshold or the preset time expires, the device automatically shuts down. Additionally, a real-time monitoring feature was developed through an Android application, allowing users to set therapy durations from 5 to 20 minutes in 5-minute intervals and observe usage directly via a mobile device. Performance testing demonstrated high accuracy. Stopwatch measurements showed a therapy duration accuracy of 99.93% on the device and 99% via the application. Flow rate testing with a mass flow sensor resulted in accuracies of 94.20% (low), 96.64% (medium), and 98.15% (high). Furthermore, Bluetooth connectivity was reliable up to 8 meters. These results confirm that the modified nebulizer improves safety, convenience, and real-time monitoring for patients.

INDEX TERMS Ultrasonic nebulizer, Time monitoring, Bluetooth, ESP32, Inhalation therapy